Ajedrez

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RAZONES PARA EJERCITAR

TU CEREBRO EN LOS 64

ESCAQUES DEL AJEDREZ

El ajedrez es un juego-ciencia que favorece el ejercicio y

desarrollo de varias habilidades mentales, además de la

formación del pensamiento científico, pues quienes lo practican

se someten a una constante puesta a prueba de hipótesis

que deben verificar o descartar. Este juego, considerado como

un deporte por el Comité Olímpico Internacional, fomenta aspectos

intelectuales y recreativos, a la vez que favorece la socialización y

el respeto por las normas.

Su práctica aporta beneficios al área cognitiva y emocional

de nuestro ser. Mucha gente disfruta este deporte, que cada vez

cobra más importancia en la educación formal de muchos países

del mundo. En 1995 la UNESCO recomendó incorporar el ajedrez a

los estudios de primaria y secundaria debido a su inusitado valor

en el desarrollo integral de niños y jóvenes, descubierto a la luz de

investigaciones en psicología y ciencias educativas.

Eleva el coeficiente intelectual. Diversos estudios mostraron

que después de un tiempo jugando sistemáticamente ajedrez se

eleva el Coeficiente Intelectual (CI) de una persona, además de

mejorar su capacidad lectora, de lenguaje, matemáticas y memorización.

El ajedrez también favorece el desarrollo de la creatividad,

lo cual permite tomar decisiones más precisas y rápidas en

momentos de presión.

Ejercita ambos hemisferios cerebrales. Expertos en psicología

y neurobiología descubrieron que al jugar una partida, los ajedrecistas

de cualquier edad utilizan por igual los dos hemisferios

del cerebro. Este resultado fue sorpresivo aun para los científicos,

pues creían que el lado izquierdo sería predominante. Eso favorece

la concentración, potencia la memoria y la atención, así como la

capacidad de análisis, síntesis y organización.

Aumenta y agiliza las conexiones sinápticas. Además de crear

dendritas, las estructuras neuronales que perciben los estímulos en

el cerebro, jugar ajedrez agiliza la respuesta mental a los desafíos

que se presenten, esto implica que el complejo proceso bioquímico

cerebral de las conexiones sinápticas es cada vez más eficiente.

Ayuda a prevenir el Alzheimer. Las personas mayores de 75

años que durante su vida han jugado ajedrez tienen menos probabilidades

de padecer Alzheimer, demencia y otro deterioro mental.

La capacidad de la memoria se potencia y el cerebro ejercita el área

de habilidad nemotécnica, lo cual es un buen inhibidor de las condiciones

neurológicas que generan el Alzheimer.

Enseña a planificar y prever. Los juegos de estrategia son una

excelente forma de desarrollar la corteza prefrontal, el área responsable

de planificar y anticiparse a los acontecimientos, del autocontrol

y el buen juicio.

Fomenta el control emocional. Se aprende a aceptar los éxitos

y los fracasos. Desarrolla la adaptabilidad ante múltiples e inesperadas

situaciones, así como la iniciativa, autoestima y confianza

pues es necesario proponer, innovar y atreverse a tomar decisiones

que, aunque razonadas, pueden ser correctas o no. Esto crea un

profundo sentido de responsabilidad, es decir, la plena conciencia

de que cada movimiento en el tablero es una decisión que, para

bien o para mal, no tiene marcha atrás, como en la vida misma.

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